《植物生理学报》 2017, 53(7): 1313-1321

小麦叶片临界氮浓度稀释曲线的建立与应用

马晓晶, 张小涛, 黄玉芳, 叶优良^*

河南农业大资源与环境学院, 郑州450002

通信作者：叶优良；E-mail: ylye2004@163.com

摘　要：

利用临界氮浓度稀释模型开展小麦氮素营养诊断研究, 探讨以小麦叶片临界氮浓度作为氮素营养诊断的可行性, 为小麦氮肥管理提供理论依据和技术参考。本研究以大穗型品种‘周麦16’和多穗型品种‘豫麦49-198’为材料, 设置5个氮水平(纯氮0、120、180、240、360 kg·hm^-2), 在5年定位试验基础上分别构建小麦叶片干物质临界氮浓度稀释曲线和氮营养指数模型。结果表明, 小麦叶片干物质和氮浓度之间呈负幂函数关系, 模型在年度之间具有较好的稳定性, 根据氮营养指数变化可准确判断小麦氮营养状况。‘周麦16’: N_c=2.63LDM^-0.26, NNI介于0.78~1.10, 模型年度间n-RMSE为16%; ‘豫麦49-198’: N_c=2.56LDM^-0.23, NNI介于0.70~1.13, 模型年度间n-RMSE为15%。验证实验发现, 基于叶片干物质建立的临界氮浓度稀释曲线能很好地诊断小麦氮营养状况, 即本研究所建立的模型能够直接用于调控小麦叶片氮素营养。

关键词：小麦; 叶片; 临界氮浓度稀释曲线; 氮营养指数

收稿：2016-12-14   修定：2017-05-08

资助：国家自然科学基金(31471935)。

Establishment and application of critical nitrogen dilution curve for wheat based on leaf dry matter

MA Xiao-Jing, ZHANG Xiao-Tao, HUANG Yu-Fang, YE You-Liang^*

College of Resources and Environment, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China

Corresponding author: YE You-Liang; E-mail: ylye2004@163.com

Abstract:

In order to discuss the feasibility of using wheat leaf critical nitrogen concentration as nitrogen nutrition diagnosis index. A 5 years positioning experiment with Large spike type wheat of ‘Zhoumai 16’ and multiple spike type wheat of ‘Yumai 49-198’, 5 nitrogen levels (0, 120, 180, 240, 360 kg·hm^-2) was conducted. The model of critical nitrogen dilution curve and nitrogen nutrition index of wheat leaves dry matter were constructed respectively. ‘Zhoumai 16’: N_c=2.63LDM^-0.26, NNI between 0.78–1.10, n-RMSE of the model among these years was 16%; ‘Yumai 49-198’: N_c=2.56LDM^-0.23, NNI was between 0.70–1.13, n-RMSE of the model among these years was 15%. the relationship between dry matter and nitrogen concentration of wheat leaves was negative power function, and the model had good stability among these years. The critical nitrogen concentration dilution curve based on the leaf dry matter could diagnose nitrogen nutrition in wheat well. The model established in this study could be used to directly regulate and control the nitrogen nutrition of wheat leaves.

Key words: wheat; leaf; critical nitrogen dilution curve; nitrogen nutrition index